Friday 3 May 2013

Grace Baptist Assembly 2013


Grace Assembly – The Gospel and the Homosexual

I believe I was invited to speak on this subject because I edited the book, ‘Homosexuality: Christian Truth and Love’.[i] The work that went into that is really my only qualification for doing so. It is not that I have never come across homosexuality in my ministry, I have; but I do not have any real experience of counselling and trying to help anyone struggling with a homosexual orientation and homosexual temptation. If there is time at the end I have some comments to add on useful books that are available.

I have given my address the title ‘The Gospel and the Homosexual’ because on the one hand we are gospel people. We have received the gospel and it has changed our lives and we are to live it out. On the other hand the gospel has to be made known to people; to everyone, for all are sinners and all need it. It is one thing to consider and discuss homosexuality in an abstract, arm’s length sort of way. It is quite another to think about homosexual people and how we react to them and bring the gospel to them.

1  Three Introductory Propositions

These are firstly, homosexual acts are sinful in the eyes of God and deserve his judgement. Secondly, the gospel offers mercy and forgiveness by God for everyone who repents and believes in Jesus Christ no matter how wicked their behaviour has been. Thirdly, the gospel is not a psychotherapy promising instantaneous or easy solutions to all our problems.

So: homosexual acts are sinful in the eyes of God and deserve his judgement, just as the same is true of fornication and adultery. Whatever else needs to be said – and I think there is much else to say – I believe this needs to be our starting point. I do not think it is possible to believe that the Bible is the word of God without coming to this conclusion. It is true that the Bible does not have a great deal to say on the subject. There are only eight places in the whole of Scripture that refer to homosexual behaviour, and only one of these explicitly refers to lesbianism, but these references are clear enough.
In unpacking this proposition I start with pointing out that the main focus of the Bible is on homosexual acts. Leviticus 18:22 says, ‘You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination’. One of our problems today is that people begin with a condition: some people, it is said, are born, or develop as, homosexual people, so it is natural for them to express what they are. We shall have to consider this further, but we must note for the moment that there are sexual acts that are forbidden by God. This is crucial for our teaching and our obedience.

Secondly, the acts we are considering are marked out as especially serious. Leviticus 18 groups three sins together. Child sacrifice, which profanes the name of God; male homosexual acts, which are an abomination, and bestiality which is perversion. Sometimes you hear of people who ridicule the Leviticus prohibition by comparing it to the law in the next chapter which says, ‘You shall not sow your field with two sorts of seed’. However, without attempting any further explanation it is quite clear that the two laws cannot be compared in that way. Homosexual acts are marked out as wicked, and this is also clear from the New Testament. For example, 1 Timothy 1:8-10 mentions several of the ten commandments, showing the most serious ways in which these are broken and uses this phrase: ‘men who practice homosexuality’.

Thirdly, same-sex intercourse is against the created order and the purpose of God in creating male and female. Romans 1 speaks of both women and men exchanging the natural relations for those that are contrary to nature. Nothing could be more plain and obvious than that. Once, however, people come to believe that the body is not a creation by God but has simply evolved over millennia then the body belongs to an individual to do with it whatever brings pleasure. For the Christian the body is for the Lord and is a temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 6).

Fourthly, sinful behaviour deserves the judgement of God, and that judgement is final and eternal. This is true for all sins, but we face a situation in which the majority view is that, far from homosexual acts being wrong, they are natural and right for some people. What is sinful, in the eyes of many, is being critical and judgmental of people who are only living according to what they are. Over against this common attitude that we find today, we have to repeat the warning of Paul in 1 Corinthians 6:9-10, with its wide range of sins: ‘Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who practice homosexuality, nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God.’

However, the fact that people are excluding themselves from the kingdom of heaven by their sins should be a matter of deep concern for us. What can we do to rescue them from such a plight? This brings us to our second proposition: the gospel offers mercy and forgiveness by God for everyone who repents and believes in Jesus Christ, no matter how wicked their behaviour has been. We all subscribe to this, but we do not always live or act or speak in the light of its truth. There are several dangers which arise particularly with regard to sexual sins, and especially homosexual sins.

Many evangelical Christians are rightly disgusted by such sins and this disgust becomes extended to those who commit them. Understandable though this is, there are real dangers that we face in our attitudes. It needs to be clearly evident that while upholding the standards of God’s Word we also exhibit compassion and a loving desire for the forgiveness and spiritual renewal of unconverted people whoever they are and whatever they may have done. This is the more important in this case, because homosexual people in the past, and in the present, have often experienced hatred and sometimes violence. I don’t like the word ‘homophobia’, or the way it is bandied about, but it does express an ugly reality. Moreover, many gay people think that Christian teaching and attitudes influence and reinforce the homophobia that exists in society, and unfortunately there is almost certainly some truth in that.

Pastors and preachers need to set an example in this respect. I guess not many preach on homosexuality very often, more likely it is referred to in passing. How do we speak about it? Is it simply denunciation, perhaps with a look of horror on our faces? The fact is that in any congregation of above seventy people it is probable that there will be someone who has at least been troubled by homosexual feelings. If, for example, you knew that in the congregation there was a mother whose heart was torn because one of her own children was dabbling with a same-sex relationship how would you refer to homosexuality? I mention this simply because I myself have been in that position.

Let me just widen this out a little. We must be more realistic in our preaching. Unconverted sinners, and those troubled by sinful feelings and desires, are not just out in the community somewhere, they may be sitting there listening to those who open the Word. After I had written these words I came across this quotation in a book by Rosaria Butterfield[ii] that I shall refer to again later: ‘That morning… I emerged from the bed of my lesbian lover and an hour later was sitting in a pew at the Syracuse Reformed Presbyterian church. I share this detail with you not to be lurid but merely to make the point that you never know the terrain someone else has walked to come and worship the Lord.’ It is possible for us to pray for the unconverted to come in and then preach in such a way that they are never likely to come again.

Even if such people are not in our congregation, attitudes are formed or changed, reinforced or modified, by what the hearers that are there take in. Moreover, Christians themselves are not immune to all the different sorts of temptations that there are and often have their own secret struggles. This does not mean we are to downplay the seriousness of sin; rather preachers are to show carefully just what sin is, why it is so serious and how much we all need the forgiving mercies of a gracious Saviour. God in Christ calls all sinners to repentance and assures the worst of complete pardon and a new beginning. Moreover, preachers must preach and Christians live as those who are themselves undeserving debtors to divine grace – and as those who take heed, lest thinking we stand, we may yet fall – as indeed far too many have.

I am going to move on now to the third proposition, because these are by way of introducing the subject: the gospel is not a psychotherapy promising instantaneous or easy solutions to all our problems. I say this because when as evangelical Christians we think of homosexuality, we too frequently seem to believe that our understanding of what the gospel promises the homosexual must include a change of sexual orientation. The gospel, however, says nothing whatever about such a change. In certain respects the gospel calls people to a harder life than before. No longer can you simply give in to temptation, you have to resist, and if you have been in the habit of giving in and just doing it – as the phrase goes – then it will be hard. There will be grace given to resist; but receiving grace to do hard things is not the same as doing easy things.

We expect unmarried heterosexuals to keep themselves from sexual intercourse, but we don’t always realise what a problem this can be for them. I’m going to quote from a little booklet[iii] written by a Christian woman whom I knew when we were both in our twenties, and I got married and she didn’t. ‘Celibacy was so difficult that the only way I could cope with it was through prayer and fasting. I learnt that if I thought in psychological terms and said, “Poor me, I am repressed and that is bad for me,” the battle was lost. If I called sinful desires “sin” and asked God’s forgiveness and help, the victory was won.

‘For many single people, sex can become an over-important issue because of the fact that they do have to live a celibate life 365 days a year, year in, year out. Where food is concerned people who have regular meals and a full pantry usually do not think excessively about eating. Starving people do. My feeling in the church was that married Christians seemed to think single people had no sexual feelings, whereas celibacy can make them a great problem for many, especially younger people…. It was hard to be preached at by a happily married man, “You must be content, you mustn’t grumble,” and “Sex is only for married people.” However, I sought to accept the preaching of God’s Word to me and struggled to ignore the circumstances of the messenger.’

Sadly, this lady was to have a nervous breakdown, but later God wonderfully broke into her heart in an exceptional manner and gave her peace. It was years later that she wrote about her experience. Every unmarried person may not feel exactly as she did, but probably more do than we realise. Similarly, it is often not at all easy for someone with homosexual desires to live a celibate life, especially if they have already begun sexual activity. What I am saying is just this: conversion is not a magic bullet that makes everything easy – it may make things harder. Understanding this we must realise the need, not to downplay the standards of God’s Word, but for real insight and compassionate help.

Having said all this it is vital to remember that all who repent of their sins and put their trust in Jesus Christ, whoever they are, however they feel and whatever they’ve done, all have peace with God and are justified in his sight. The gospel is the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes. It brings new life, it joins to Jesus Christ, it results in the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. Every believer has access to God in prayer; every believer whether single or married has a life of service for Christ ahead which can be fruitful and fulfilling. This is gospel truth to be made known to everyone, including homosexuals. However, generally speaking, converted homosexuals are likely to need special understanding and compassionate support by their brothers and sisters.

2  Homosexuality in the UK today

We now turn to focus on homosexuality as we see it today in our country. How many homosexuals are there in the United Kingdom? The evidence is confusing. If you look at Wikipedia[iv] you will find two figures cited in January of this year. The first is 5%, taken from an article in the British Journal of Psychiatric Research; though the article in question is actually dated 2004. The second is 6%, quoting a Whitehall figure. This is taken from an article in The Observer from 2005. Given that there are some 63 million people in the UK this would mean around 3.6 million homosexual people.

However, Peter Saunders of the Christian Medical Fellowship, in a review of a book by Peter Tatchell says: ‘The best evidence suggests that only a very small percentage of men (1-2%) and women (0.5-1.5%) experience same sex attraction throughout their life-course. But bisexuality appears to be more prevalent than exclusive homosexuality.’ This comes in an article in the CMF magazine Triple Helix, dated Spring 2012.[v] The Affinity statement on Homosexuality[vi], updated in February this year states: ‘A recent survey carried out by the Office for National Statistics found that 1% of the British population professed to be homosexual or lesbian, while 94.8 indicated that they were heterosexual and 0.5% bisexual.[vii] However, an even more telling statistic is a finding that 90.3% of men and 95.8% of women who profess to have a same-sex orientation at some time also had heterosexual intercourse, whereas 90.1% of heterosexual men and 92.7% of heterosexual women have only ever had sex with an opposite partner.’[viii] These last figures date from 1994, so there may have been some alteration since that time.

It might be of interest to mention that the number of civil partnerships in England and Wales, as revealed in the 2011 census, is 105,000. If you take the figure of 3.6 million, homosexual and bisexual, that would mean that less than 6% of such people were in a civil partnership. On the Saunders figures it is still less than 14%. In general it seems that the homosexual community is not greatly concerned with committed relationships, though we must not overlook the fact that some are. The gay marriage take-up, if that ever comes about, is likely to be even less.

What are the causes of homosexuality? There is no single or simple answer to this question. The authors of ‘Unwanted Same-Sex Attraction’[ix] write: ‘All variations in the patterning of human sexual desire are likely to result from a developmental interaction between biological (including genetic) factors, environmental factors and the influence of personal human agency. This includes whether one is attracted to those of the same sex, opposite sex or both sexes. As with most complex human behaviours, our understanding of the relative contributions of these different factors is poor. Furthermore, their respective contributions will vary between individuals. We still have a great deal to learn about how sexual behaviours vary across cultures, how they fluctuate through childhood and adolescence and the influences of cultural and social factors on early sexual development.’

Some homosexuals as they grow up are only conscious of an attraction to those of the same sex. Alex Tylee in her book ‘Walking with Gay Friends’[x] records the experience of a woman called Ruth: ‘I was only about three when I first remember being aware that I was attracted to other girls. So it was hard to remember how I felt, because I suppose it just felt quite normal and natural because it’s what I grew up with. It wasn’t until I started to realize that that wasn’t the ordinary way of things that it probably started to cause me problems… I suppose I realized I was different when I was at secondary school; around thirteen or fourteen, when people are starting to get boyfriends and things like that. I think that was probably when I thought that this wasn’t a phase that I was going through or a normal stage in my development, but that in actual fact, I seemed to be quite different from other people and that seemed to be a lasting thing.’

It is not difficult to feel a sense of compassion when you read a testimony like that. Nor is it difficult to understand that someone like that will only feel really comfortable in the company of others like herself. ‘Birds of a feather, flock together’; that’s where they feel understood, accepted and at home. In the past those with feelings of same-sex attraction struggled largely on their own and perhaps many often did their best to fit in to the world as it was, but now gay pride has brought homosexuality out into the open with gay bars, pubs and clubs. Homosexual people can find a sense of identity and acceptance with others like themselves. And in a society which takes for granted that if you are in what is called ‘a relationship’ then that will include sex whether you are married or not, homosexuals inevitably follow suit.

We must remember, too, that people have more than the desire for acceptance and identity, or even for sex considered on its own. The desire for love, for someone special, for someone to whom we can be united is a powerful desire in most of us. It is true that sexual promiscuity has been a feature of the history of humans since the fall; and this is also a major feature of the gay scene. Nevertheless, even if relationships between homosexual people may be less stable than amongst heterosexuals, it is perfectly understandable if a homosexual seeks someone whom he or she can love and cherish, someone, inevitably, of the same sex. 

It is likely that in many cases influences during childhood play a significant part in sexual development, just as they do in many others areas of life. Andrew Comiskey[xi] has written: ‘Children require a two-party system – a mother and a father. A child needs both masculine and feminine love. That is especially clear in his or her acquisition of a healthy gender identity. A child needs to be awakened to the good of their own gender by the same-sex parent, and granted a clear, trustworthy vision of the opposite gender through the opposite-sex parent. Through two cooperative parents who hold each other accountable to raise the one they created, children become secure and empowered in love. They navigate well the journey to sexual and relational wholeness.’

The problem is, however, that we are all sinful people in a fallen world. Christians, as well as others, can struggle with parenting because of circumstances and their own inadequacies. Indeed, the parents’ own upbringing and background will themselves affect how they relate to their children; the nurture of children is not always easy for any of us. In our day, sadly, many children are brought up in homes that are broken in various ways. However, while parents in most cases obviously have the greatest influence on the development of children, other relatives, neighbours, friends and school can also have considerable influence either for good or ill. We cannot simply hold parents responsible for all that their children turn out to be.

While early childhood development is very important for everyone in many ways, it is also true that children react differently due to their different psychological make up. For example, consider the case of children losing a parent while very young. One child might react by developing a hardened and self-contained attitude to life and people, another might continue to feel a sense of loss and always search for someone who can compensate for it. I speak not only from what I have read, but also as someone who has tried to understand my own experience and that of people whom I know, including those whom it has been my responsibility to shepherd.

There is another factor about homosexuality that I think should be mentioned. The article in the British Journal of Psychiatric Research which I referred to earlier was entitled: ‘Rates and predictors of mental illness in gay men, lesbians and bisexual men and women’. This was its conclusion: ‘Gay, lesbian and bisexual men and women have high levels of mental disorder, possibly linked with discrimination.’ It would, I think, be very surprising if discrimination had nothing to do with these high levels of disorder. On the other hand if homosexuality can be largely rooted in damaging childhood experience then this is surely likely to be another significant factor.

Can homosexuals change? I was interested to see in a newspaper that the latest partner of the novelist Jeanette Winterson was described by her as ‘a post-heterosexual’. If there can be post-heterosexuals why can’t there be post-homosexuals? However, while there is no doubt that some have experienced change there is no simple, straightforward answer that can be given. The Bible doesn’t call everyone to be married; it does call everyone who is unmarried to live a life of celibacy and purity. This is just as much the case for heterosexuals as for homosexuals. If heterosexuals can live celibate lives, as many do in our churches, then homosexual people can do so also.

Nevertheless, where homosexuality is the result of various childhood influences it is certainly possible that new, positive gospel influences may lead to considerable change; we dare not under-estimate what the Holy Spirit may do. But we cannot necessarily expect the change to be complete or permanent. If homosexuality is a psychopathology – and I do not use this shorthand word pejoratively – then it is likely that it will be subject to the same sort of outcomes as other psychopathologies have when counselling takes place. It is possible there will be relapses, at least in feelings, probably partial but perhaps almost back to square one. If, for example, a child has lived through war and bombing – and that has been the experience of some of us – we would not be surprised if the psychological effects of that were to take a long time to dissipate nor if they were to reappear to some extent at a later date. The fact is that struggling with sexual temptation of some sort or other is the lot of nearly everyone, married or single.

3  The Bible Teaching about Sin

At this point we turn to consider all this in the light of the Bible and especially what it reveals about sin. Most books I have read don’t say a great deal about this, except for David Field in ‘Holiness and Sexuality’.[xii] He has two fairly long chapters entitled ‘Radical Disorientation’ (I) and (II). We might notice the change of language. ‘Sexual disorientation’ has a different connotation to ‘homosexual orientation’, and is surely more accurate. However, we should note that ‘disorientation’ has no necessary moral denotation. The eating disorientation, anorexia, is suicidal in its trajectory and sadly sometimes in its outcome, but we would not say that it was a moral wrong.

Firstly, at the heart of sin is a rejection of the authority and goodness of God. At the very beginning God gave a simple prohibition to Adam; ‘You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.’ The Lord God gave no explanation to Adam. He did not give any reason why he ought not to eat of the tree, he did not explain why eating would result in death, he simply warned him of the consequences of disobedience. If Adam recognised and acknowledged the authority and goodness of God then he would obey. If he disobeyed it would be clear that Adam was disregarding both the authority of God and the penalty that he had been warned about. At its heart that is what sin urges people to do: to disregard God and what he has said, to deny his authority, to doubt his goodness, and to assert one’s own independence and preferences over against his Word.

Secondly, however, we need to look at the role of Eve in the fall into sin. When she looked at the tree she saw that its fruit was good for food and a delight to the eyes. These things were true and there can have been no sin in Eve looking. After all she and Adam must have known which tree the Lord had forbidden and when they saw it in passing by there was no sin in recognising it or its intrinsic goodness as a fruit tree. The only thing that was wrong at that point was the suggestion of the devil that the fruit would make her wise. Eve was deceived by him and took of the fruit but it was only at that point that sin entered. It was not sinful for her to look nor was it sinful for her to be tempted. Jesus himself was tempted in all points like us; temptation is not sin if it is resisted.

We cannot pursue Eve’s story any further or enter into some of the difficulties the narrative presents, but the point is clear – and could be made from other passages in Scripture. Looking and being delighted at what you see is not sinful in and of itself. Not every look at a woman on the part of a man is a lustful look, nor is every look at a man on the part of a woman. The fruit was good for food, it was a delight to the eyes, but it was simply not for Eve or Adam. There is an old children’s chorus which contains the words: ‘Be careful little eyes what you see’, but we must also be careful not to take that too far. We live in a world in which we cannot avoid seeing many things which could become a cause of temptation and sin. The answer is not to walk around with our eyes shut but to garrison our hearts with the truth and purity of grace.

Thirdly, I need to elaborate on what can be called the temporal consequences of sin. Under this heading comes all the sickness that human beings experience and all the suffering that that brings. This includes children born with various genetic disorders and a whole range of disabilities and vulnerability to various diseases and conditions. Over the past few summers it has been my privilege to speak at the annual holiday of the Disabled Christian Fellowship. This has always been a very humbling and yet uplifting experience. My wife and I have seen some fearfully disabled people who trust in the Saviour and join in his praises as best they can. But actually the Fall has disabled us all in non-moral as well as moral ways and most people know that we all have struggles with health and aspects of our personalities.

This can affect sexuality just as it can affect every other area of human life. We have to recognize this and at the pastoral level we have to understand that many more people struggle with various sexual temptations than we would like to think was true. We also have to realise that attempting to give help in this area is fraught with real danger. It needs dependence on the Lord and grace from him, and wise arrangement so that a man does not visit a woman on his own. There is almost certainly a correlation between pastors trying to help people in struggling marriages and pastors falling into sexual sin.

This reminds me that Erroll Hulse has written of pastors: ‘I have noticed that more have fallen into sexual sin than in any other area of life. I would say the casualty rate has been one in twelve.’[xiii] So if the proportion of homosexuals in society is around 2%, the proportion of pastors who fall into sexual sin is four times as great. And homosexuals live now in a society which constantly tells them that gay sex is quite all right, whereas the pastors who fall not only know that extra-marital sex is wrong but have almost certainly publicly preached that it is so. A little humility, not to say humiliation, befits us all.

Fourthly, the fundamental problem is not what we look at, nor does it lie in our natural appetites, it lies in the sin which has now corrupted every one of us. Paul wrote about his own experience of the power and deceitfulness of sin in Romans 7. Sin is such a terrible and deceptive power for evil that it can take even the good commandments of God and use them to cause us to fall.

However, what is so difficult is that sin operates in people who have also to live with the disabilities that sin itself originally caused. Sin and our personalities and frailties are tangled up together. Consider a simple example. On the one hand sin causes some Christians to become legalistic, it causes others to become antinomian; yet it certainly looks as if temperament enters into the mix in both cases. We would not usually expect to find an antinomian Highland believer, I think, or a legalistic English charismatic! In understanding and trying to help people we have to take account not only of sin’s present active power but also the legacy of its consequences.

We should remember, too, that sin still tries to deceive us all. It takes us in; it deceives us about our motives, about our self-judgements, about what is good or bad for ourselves or for others. It deceives the unconverted into thinking that they are safe and can partake of what God has forbidden. It also deceives believers – and preachers – into thinking that angry and arrogant attitudes and words towards others are righteous and appropriate when they may damage individuals and the Christian cause. I was reading Job as I prepared this address; his friends had nothing to say to him except to condemn and call for his repentance.

Fifthly, we must look at what sin has done in our society more closely. To judge by what we hear and read about almost every day now there are two groups of people, heterosexual and homosexual. There is the gay community and the straight community. This, however, is a gross over-simplification and extremely misleading. We know that some adults are sexually attracted to children. The publishing world has recently seen the phenomenon of a series of books selling in their millions which describe heightened sexual experience through the infliction of pain. There is a whole variety of sexual fetishes and compulsive desires. There are people who hate themselves when they give way to some sordid desire and yet cannot resist when the next temptation comes.

I am sorry to have to bring these things into the open, but we cannot examine this subject without taking the bigger picture into consideration. Any pastor who stays for some years in a church and gets to know the people well will find his eyes opened to a sadly murky scene. In churches you will find women who have been abused as children, perhaps by professing Christians, even by real Christians. You may still find people who struggle with sex because it has been drummed into them from an early age that the whole subject is dirty. You will find others, perhaps converted out of a non-Christian background, who are far too influenced by the lax attitudes of the world.

Why do I take time to mention all these unpleasant things? Partly because in our minds, perhaps quite unthinkingly, most of us make a distinction between ordinary heterosexual sex and its temptations, which we understand, and homosexual feelings and temptations which most of us don’t experience and therefore think about in a different way; partly also because we can sometimes think of homosexuals as people like ourselves who simply have unclean hearts and want to explore all the possibilities of sexual experience. There are people like that who are found in the gay scene, but I doubt that is the general truth.

I finish this section with this sentence in the book by Rosaria Butterfield: ‘I believe that the Lord is more grieved by my current sins than by my past life as a lesbian’. How honest and true those words are. Some of us have been believers for many years. How much more serious and God-dishonouring are our sins now than before we were converted. How far, I wonder, do our behaviour and attitudes match up to our knowledge and privileges? Let us learn to judge ourselves, even as we judge the needs of others.

4  Responding in the churches with God’s grace to those who desperately need it

At this point I want to try and be positive and firstly remind you of what Scripture says about the way we are to behave towards unbelievers and speak to them, whoever they are. Colossians 4:5-6 says: ‘Conduct yourselves wisely toward outsiders, making the best use of the time. Let your speech always be gracious, seasoned with salt, so that you may know how you ought to answer each person.’ And Paul’s words to Titus (3:1-5): ‘Remind them to be submissive to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work, to speak evil of no one, to avoid quarrelling, to be gentle, and to show perfect courtesy toward all people.’ Why? ‘For we ourselves were once foolish, disobedient, led astray, slaves to various passions and pleasures, passing our days in malice and envy, hated by others and hating one another. But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Saviour appeared, he saved us.’

So in conversation we should speak calmly and honestly, answering questions and responding to any accusations or anger straightforwardly. We may need to acknowledge that Christians have at times got things wrong and spoken harshly or out of ignorance. We must, however, be quite clear about behaviour which is wrong in the eyes of God. As far as possible we should speak of Jesus Christ and his work, also emphasizing that it is from his example and authority that we believe the Old Testament picture.

Secondly, I want to turn briefly to Colossians 3. The chapter begins with an exhortation to seek the things that are above, setting our minds upon them, because we have died with Christ and been raised with him so that our lives are hidden with him in God. Then we are told: ‘Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry. On account of these the wrath of God is coming.’ The first four items Paul mentions here are all related to sex and sexual behaviour. This is not surprising because immorality, including homosexual behaviour among males, was prevalent in Greco-Roman culture. The point to notice is that these things are not yet dead. They didn’t die when the Colossians died with Christ and were raised with him; they still have to be put to death. In fact they have an extraordinary survival capacity and can suddenly spring to life again even when it seems as if they had been finally dealt with.

After another list of sinful attitudes and actions to be put away Paul turns to the positive: ‘Put on then, as God's chosen ones, holy and beloved, compassion, kindness, humility, meekness, and patience, bearing with one another and, if one has a complaint against another, forgiving each other; as the Lord has forgiven you, so you also must forgive. And above all these put on love, which binds everything together in perfect harmony.’

Why do we need these qualities, why this bearing with one another and forgiving one another? Because sexual immorality, impurity, passion, and evil desire may appear to be dead, but they don’t lie down. They break out in the lives of fellow believers, even elders and deacons. The church is like a body attacked by all sorts of germs and infections from within and without. The body must seek to restore itself from these things, if possible without any amputations, and it will never be able to do this without compassion, kindness, humility, meekness, patience, bearing with one another and forgiving one another. A church which takes this passage seriously is one equipped to help struggling believers, including those with same-sex temptations.

Thirdly, homosexuals surely constitute one of the most difficult groups of people to reach. It is not likely that many will want to visit our churches. If we are going to engage with gay people we need to understand that generally speaking most simply don’t understand our convictions at all. They look upon us at best as people who are holding on to an outdated, inherited attitude which is harmful to them and their friends. To them we are old-fashioned, simplistic, ill-informed and prejudiced and the sooner we get liberated the better for everyone. And, to be frank, we can hardly blame them for this. They are taught the legitimacy and goodness of homosexuality at school, the media promotes it, it is now the received wisdom and the law increasingly enforces it.

Yet we of all people ought to be able to understand and enter into the mindset of gay people. Don’t we often feel marginalised? Don’t we react against the invective of a Richard Dawkins or the ridiculing in the media of anyone who is silly enough to believe in creation? Haven’t some of us, perhaps especially ministers and their wives, worried about the treatment our children sometimes receive in school from other children? How did some of us fare at university if we studied science or even English literature? Aren’t we really glad when we can meet with fellow believers, don’t we enjoy getting away with brothers and sisters in Christ – just as we are doing now? We can surely understand, even when we can see the sin and harm that people are doing to each other.

Fourthly, in the church there needs some to be prepared to engage with homosexuals for they may well be met in evangelism and there may be some already within the general scope of the church. In particular I believe that evangelists and pastors must be able to meet and speak appropriately with gay people. Pastors are primarily shepherds of the flock. They should have a biblical understanding themselves, but should also mould the attitudes of their congregations.

I also add that, if possible, each church needs a woman who is able to counsel other women. My own view is that 1 Timothy 3 and Romans 16:1 justify the role of women deacons – or to translate the word – servants. I also think that deacons were never intended to be people who simply form a committee that meets every month or so to discuss church matters, but rather, as in Acts 6, those who are given a specific servant ministry to perform in the church. As most churches today have more women than men it is surprising how little consideration is given to this.

Fifthly, if any gay people were to show real interest or profess conversion they are likely to need a great deal of wise counsel and support. So let me say something about counselling. David Powlison of the Christian Counselling and Educational Foundation has distinguished two approaches to Christian counselling, what he calls Vitex and Compin.[xiv] The first states: ‘Psychology must make a VITal EXternal – hence Vitex – a vital external contribution to the construction of a wisely Christian model of personality, change and counselling.’ And the second approach, which he favours: ‘There are COMPrehensive INternal – hence Compin – comprehensive internal resources within the Christian faith for the construction of a wisely Christian model of personality, change and counselling.’

However, I would like to suggest, with great temerity, a possible third option, Intex. ‘There are sufficient INTernal resources within the Christian faith to give a moral and spiritual framework and inward attitudes of mind and heart to enable the Christian to go into the world as it is and through EXperience – hence Intex – construct a wisely Christian model of personality, change and counselling.’ This might be considered an extension of the hermeneutical spiral. We seldom fully understand the way the Bible applies to life simply by reading it at home. It is as we bring it into the light and need of real situations that we begin to understand it better and can apply it more appropriately. However, we must also take care not to try and act beyond our sphere of understanding and competence. If numbers of homosexuals tend to have ‘high levels of mental disorder’, as already quoted, then we need to be wise and recognise our limitations.

Sixthly, in addition to counselling, and even more important, those struggling with sexual temptation need positive ways to live and healthy relationships with peers. One the most valuable helps towards these ends is a support network of Christian friends. Regrettably, many churches are too small for this to be possible within them. This means we will need to go beyond the local church and gain the help of a wider group of evangelical believers. 

However, along with real Christian fellowship, we need to make much more of the positive value of the individual Christian and of singleness. Some years ago there was a book published with this title, One is not Un; that is unmarried, unsatisfied, unfulfilled, unhappy. We should remember that Jesus himself never married; he also spoke of those who will give up marriage for the kingdom of God’s sake. Paul either never married or was widowed. He wrote that some have the gift of singleness, while others have the gift of marriage. We can make too much of marriage and marriage counselling; especially as in most of our churches we have significant numbers of women who have never married – in our small church we have eight, nearly 20% of the membership.

5  Conclusion

I had nearly finished preparing this address when I remembered two men. One brought up in a godly Baptist family related to me by marriage; the other, one of five of us sharing the same room in London Bible College for nearly three years and afterwards entering the pastorate. Now, as far as I know, both of them have come out as gay and are far from the Lord.

I was also reminded of Jesus in the temple: ‘O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the city that kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to it! How often would I have gathered your children together as a hen gathers her brood under her wings, and you would not!’  Matthew 23:37. Jesus speaks powerfully in this chapter against the evils seen in the lives of the scribes and Pharisees, but he finishes by grieving over the murderers of the prophets sent by the same Father who sent him. He knows also that within days the city is going to ring with shouts of ‘Crucify him! Crucify him!’ and he will suffer the same fate as all the others who were sent. Yet how tender and how plaintive are his words and how warm and inviting the image he uses: ‘How often I would have gathered your children together as a hen gathers her little chicks under her wings.’ How often have we longed for sinful people to be gathered under the wings of Jesus? How can we win them for him?



[i] Day One, 2007
[ii] The Secret Thoughts of an Unlikely Convert, Rosaria Butterfield, Crown and Covenant Publications, 2012
[iii] Singleness and God’s Deliverance, My personal experience, Betty Vivian; published privately, no date
[vi] I haven’t been able to access this on the Affinity website, but I have a copy on my computer.
[vii] Measuring Sexual Identity: An Evaluation Report (ONS, September 2011)
[viii] Sexual  Attitudes and Lifestyles (The Wellcome Trust, 1994)





[ix] Unwanted Same-Sex Attraction, Issues of pastoral and counselling support, by Andrew Goddard and Glynn Harrison, Christian Medical Fellowship; 2011
[x] IVP, 2007
[xi] Naked Surrender, Andrew Comiskey, IVP, 2010
[xii] Holiness and Sexuality, ed. David Peterson, Paternoster, 2004
[xiii] This was in an issue of Reformation Today
[xiv] The Care of Souls and Modern Psychotherapies, in Care for the Soul, eds. McMinn & Phillips, IVP USA, 2001


Recommended Books

Homosexuality: The Use of Scientific Research in the Church’s Moral Debate, by Stanton L. Jones & Mark A. Yarhouse, InterVarsity Press, USA; 2000. This is Christian scholarship and academic study at its best. Although it is 13 years old I doubt its findings will need to be substantially revised.

The Secret Thoughts of an Unlikely Convert, by Rosaria Butterfield, Crown & Covenant Publications; 2012. This is autobiographical. It is the story of an academic professor, a lesbian, a communist and gay rights activist and her – well, as she said: ‘This word – conversion – is simply too tame and too refined to capture the train-wreck that I experienced in coming face to face with the living God.’ She is now a Reformed Presbyterian rather than a Reformed Baptist but her story is gripping and instructive. You may have to get this as an e-book.

Homosexuality: Christian truth and love, Day One; 2007. This includes a chapter on how the church has always viewed homosexuality; it has two chapters of biblical exegesis, a chapter on pastoral response as well as an abridgment of Martin Hallett’s book Still Learning to Love. This is about his life and homosexual orientation and the founding of the organisation called the True Freedom Trust.

Holiness & Sexuality, edited by David Peterson, Paternoster; 2004. This overlaps with the previous book in one chapter and also has one by Martin Hallett. Its emphasis on holiness is important as are the chapters by David Field.

Walking with Gay Friends, by Alex Tylee, IVP; 2007. This also is written by a lesbian now living a single life. Her name and others mentioned in the book are not their real names. That this should be necessary indicates something about the days in which we live. It is primarily intended for students I think. I don’t agree entirely with everything it says, but this is a sister in the Lord to whom we should listen sympathetically and thoughtfully.

Unwanted Same-Sex Attraction, Issues of pastoral and counselling support, by Andrew Goddard and Glynn Harrison, Christian Medical Fellowship; 2011. This is a valuable booklet and pastors and all who may in various ways give some counsel or support to those who experience same-sex attraction should read it carefully.

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